Time elapsed since peruvian children's last dental care and head of household educational attainment: findings from a national database.

BACKGROUND: It has been documented that the parents' highest level of education has an impact on their children's access to oral health services and the frequency of their use.This study aimed to determine the association between time elapsed since peruvian children's last dental care and head of household educational attainment. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using a database of children aged 0 to 11 years, with a final sample of 8012 participants. The dependent variable in this study was the time elapsed since last dental care and the independent variable was the head of household educational attainment. Other covariates considered were natural region, area of residence, place of residence, altitude, wealth index, health insurance coverage, sex and age. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. RESULTS: Time elapsed since last dental care in the year 2021 was 5.68 years (SD = 5.25). A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was performed, analyzing the variables dimensions by separate and joint models. When head of household educational attainment was analyzed, there was no statistical significance (p = 0.262); however, other models did (p < 0.05). Model 4, which addresses all dimensions, was significant (p < 0.001) with an R2% of 0.011 and constant equal to 5.788; it showed significance with place of dental care, health insurance, altitude and age. CONCLUSIONS: No association was found between head of household educational attainment and time elapsed since last dental care; however, the latter was associated with place of care, health insurance coverage, altitude and age in Peruvian children.

Peruvian children toothbrushing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Toothbrushing is a convenient, inexpensive, widespread and culturally accepted method, resulting in an ideal public health outcome. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on toothbrushing in Peruvian children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a database of children aged 0 to 11 years, with a final sample of 39,124 participants, 15,974 in 2019 (62.03%) and 7088 in 2020 (55.54%). General toothbrushing, daily toothbrushing and minimum frequency of two times a day were dependent variables; the year was considered as the independent variable. In addition, other covariates such as geographical landscape, area of residence, place of residence, altitude, wealth index, health insurance cover, sex and age. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. Results: General toothbrushing was 96.19% (n=51 013), daily toothbrushing was 87.47% (n=42 246) and minimum toothbrushing two times a day was 84.53% (n=33 957). In multivariate form, the year presented a negative association with daily toothbrushing (RPa: 0.97; CI95%: 0.96-0.98; p<0.001) and minimum toothbrushing two times a day (RPa: 0.97; CI95%: 0.95-0.98; p<0.001), adjusted for the previously associated co-variables. Conclusions: The year 2020 of the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted daily toothbrushing and minimum twice-daily toothbrushing of Peruvian children.

Peruvian Children's Access to Oral Health Information during the COVID- 19 Pandemic.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on access to oral health information of Peruvian children. Materials and Methods: The Demographic and Family Health Survey generates annually a national database of Peruvian children between 0 and 11 years old, which is collected through direct interviews applied in the homes of residents of the country. A cross-sectional study was applied with this information collected during 2019 and 2020, with a final sample of 39 124 subjects, 15 974 from the year 2019 (62.03%) and 7088 from the year 2020 (55.54%). The dependent variable was access to oral health information and the independent variable was year; in addition, there were considered sociodemographic and geographical covariates. Finally, there were executed descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: Access to oral health information was 59.85% (n = 23 062). For the bivariate analysis, the dependent variable showed association with year, natural region, sex, altitude, health insurance coverage, area, place of residence and wealth index. During multivariate analysis, year manifested a negative association with access to oral health information (aPR: 0.89; 95%CI: 0.85-0.92; P < 0.001), adjusted for co-variables that previously manifested association. Conclusion: Access to oral health information for Peruvian children had a negative impact during 2020, in which COVID-19 pandemic occurred.

Estimación de la edad de acuerdo al método de Demirjian en niños de 5 a 16 años de la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador / Age estimation according Demirjian´s method in children from 5 to 16 years old in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Objetivos: Comparar la edad cronológica y edad dental según el método de Demirjian en pacientes de 5 a 16 años que acudieron al Centro Radiológico Dr. Virgilio Aguirre Cadena, Guayaquil-Ecuador durante el período 2014-2015. Material y Métodos: Se evaluaron 617 radiografías panorámicas tomadas durante el año 2014-2015, posteriormente se procedió a realizar el cálculo de la edad dental utilizando el método de Demirjian de cada uno de los pacientes. Luego se realizó un análisis comparativo con la edad cronológica tomada de la misma base de datos de las imágenes, para lo cual se utilizó la prueba de Wilcoxon. Resultados: La estimación de la edad dental en relación con la edad cronológica, se observó en el sexo femenino dentro del grupo etario de 7-7,99 y el de 10-10,99, presentó buenos estimadores para determinar la edad cronológica, mostrando valores de p=0,6643 y p=0,1147 respectivamente; en el sexo masculino, el grupo etario de 10-10,99 y 12-12,99 mostró buenos estimadores para determinar la edad cronológica con valores de p=0,2713 y p=0,6996 respectivamente. El resto de grupos no presentó buenos estimadores para determinar la edad cronológica con valores de p<0,05. Conclusiones: El método de Demirjian no es un buen estimador de la edad ósea en todos los grupos etarios de la población estudiada, puesto que, la mayoría de grupos presentan diferencias entre la edad dental y la edad cronológica.

Objectives: To compare the chronological age and dental age according to Demirjian method in patients aged 5 to 16 who attended the Virgilio Aguirre Cadena Radiological Center, Guayaquil-Ecuador during 2014-2015 period. Material and Methods: A total of 617 Panoramic X-rays taken during 2014-2015 year were evaluated and dental age was calculated using Demirjian method for each one of patients. A comparative analysis was then carried out with chronological age taken from the same database of images, for which Wilcoxon test was used. Results: The estimates of dental age in relation to chronological age, observed on the female sex in 7-7.99, and 10-10.99 groups presented good estimates to determine the chronological age, it showed values ??of p = 0.6643 and p = 0.1147 respectively; regarding the male sex, the 10-10.99, and 12-12.99 groups showed good estimates to determine the chronological age on values ??of p = 0.2713, and p = 0.6996 respectively. The remainder of groups did not present good estimates to determine the chronological age with values of p<0.05.Conclusions: Demirjian method does not present optimum results, regarding bone age, in the groups studied, because the majority of the groups show a difference between dental age and chronological age.

Relación entre la edad cronológica y la mineralización del tercer molar inferior según método de Demirjian / Relationship between chronological age and mineralization of the lower third molar according to Demirjian stages

Objetivos: Relacionar la edad cronológica y la mineralización del tercer molar inferior según los estadios de Demirjian en radiografías panorámicas digitales. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo evaluando 1176 radiografías panorámicas digitales del Servicio de Radiología de la Clínica Dental de la Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, entre los años 2011 y 2012. Los casos tenían entre 7 - 23 años de edad. Resultados: En la pieza 38, el estadio D presentó una edad promedio de 14,05 ± 1,35 años para el sexo femenino y 13,42 ± 1,30 años para el sexo masculino. El tercer molar inferior en el sexo masculino presentó una maduración ligeramente anterior que el sexo femenino, esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa en los estadios D, E, F, G y H. No se encontró diferencia entre los estadios de Demirjian de la pieza 38 y 48. En el estadio H el 100% del sexo femenino y el 99,1% del sexo masculino tuvieron 18 o más años. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que el método de Demirjian, para evaluar la mineralización del tercer molar, puede ser una herramienta útil en el estudio de la edad cronológica.

Objectives: To relate the chronological age and the mineralization of the lower third molar according to Demirjian stages on digital panoramic radiographs. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted, evaluating 1176 digital panoramic radiographs from the Dental Clinic radiology area of the School of Dentistry at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, between 2011 and 2012. The cases were aged 7-23 years. Results: In tooth 38, the stage D represented an average age of 14.05 ± 1.35 years for females and 13.42 ± 1.30 years for males. The third molar presented a slightly earlier maturation in males than in females, this difference was statistically signifi cant in stages D, E, F, G and H. No difference was found between the stages of Demirjian in teeth 38 and 48. In stage H 100% female and 99.1% male had 18 or more years. Conclusions: The results suggest that using Demirjian stages to assess the mineralization of third molar can be a useful tool in chronological age study.

Determinantes sociales de salud y caries dental / Social determinants of health and dental caries

Objetivo: El presente trabajo propuso dar a conocer la asociación existente entre los determinantes sociales de salud y la experiencia de caries dental. Material y Métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 30 escolares de 12 años de edad del Distrito de Canta-Lima. Los determinantes sociales de salud estuvieron compuestos individualmente por: género, ingreso económico, nivel de educación, condición de vivienda, empleo, saneamiento ambiental y acceso a los servicios de salud, todos ellos medidos desde la perspectiva de la madre a través de una encuesta basada en la Cédula Censal 2007. La experiencia de caries dental fue medida mediante el Índice CPOD de los escolares. Se realizó un análisis univariado para hallar la media de la experiencia de caries dental y un análisis de correlación para encontrar la asociación de los determinantes sociales de salud de manera individual y global con la experiencia de caries dental. Resultados: El Índice CPOD fue de 1.93 indicando baja severidad. Existió asociación de 50.1% entre los determinantes sociales de salud en forma global, siendo en menor grado cuando el análisis se realiza de forma individual. Conclusiones: Existió asociación moderada entre los determinantes sociales de salud analizados en conjunto y la experiencia de caries dental.

Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the linkage between social determinants of health and dental caries experience. Materials and methods: The investigation was transversal, observational and analytical. The sample was 30 students - boys and girls - who were 12 years old and lived in Canta, a district of Lima in Peru. The determinants selected were: gender, salary, education, housing, employment, sanitation and access to health services; each one were measured from a mothersÆ perspective, using a survey based on the tools of the 2007 National Census (XI of Population and VI of Household), while the dental caries experience was measured through the DMFT Index of the students. The media in the dental caries experience was found doing a univariate analysis, and the linkage between social determinants of health - individually and collectively - and dental caries experience was found through the analysis of the correlations. Results: The DMFT Index was 1.93, showing low severity. There was an association of 50.1% between social determinants of health altogether, but when the determinants were analysed individually, there was a low association. Conclusion: There was a moderate linkage between social determinants of health - in a comprehensive analysis - with a mothersÆ perspective and the dental caries experience in 12-years-old students who lived in the District Canta.

Capital social y experiencia de caries dental / Social capital and dental caries experience

Introducción: El capital social es un nuevo concepto propuesto como una estrategia de éxito en los programas de salud y es entendido como el conjunto de recursos que se tienen como consecuencia de las relaciones entre las personas y la participación en organizaciones. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de asociación entre capital social y experiencia de caries dental. Material y métodos: La investigación fue transversal, observacional y analítica. La muestra fue de 30 escolares de 12 años de edad del Distrito de Canta-Lima. El capital social de las familias fue medido utilizando el instrumento Short version of Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool, y la experiencia de caries dental mediante el índice CPOD de los escolares. Se realizó un análisis univariado para encontrar la media de la experiencia de caries dental y un análisis de correlación mediante el coeficiente de determinación para encontrar el grado de asociación entre capital social de las familias y la experiencia de caries dental de sus escolares. Resultados: El índice CPOD fue de 1,93 indicando baja severidad. Existió asociación de 49, entre el capital social de las familias y la experiencia de caries dental de los escolares. Conclusión: Existe asociación moderada entre el capital social de las familias y la experiencia de caries dental en escolares de 12 años de edad residentes en el Distrito de Canta.

Introduction: Social capital is a new concept applied as a succeesful strategy in health program, which is known as the resources obtained as a consequence of relationships between persons and participation in organizations. Objective: Determine the association between social capital and dental caries experience. Material and methods: The research was transversal, observational and analytical. The sample was 30 -12 years old- students of from the District of Canta-Lima. At family level, social capital was measured using the Short version of Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool, and dental caries experience by the DMFT Index of students. The information was evaluated in a univariate analysis to find the media in the dental caries experience and a correlation analysis to determinate the association between the social capital of families and dental caries experience of students. Results: The DMFT Index was 1.93 showing low severity; there was an association of 49.1 between social capital of families and dental caries experience of students. Conclusions: There was moderate association between social capital of families and dental caries experience of 12-years-old students who lived in the District of Canta.

Asociación entre bruxismo y parasitosis intestinal en niños de 4 a 6 años de CEI Nº 301 de la localidad de Buenos Aires, departamento de Piura, Perú 2001 / Association between bruxism and intestinal parasitosis in 4 to 6 year old children from CEI Nº 301 in Buenos Aires Piura, Peru

El presente estudio tuvo como propósito evaluar la relación que podría existir entre el bruxismo y la parasitosis intestinal. El grupo de estudio estuvo comprendido por 63 preescolares de ambos géneros, cuyas edades van de 4 a 6 años, que asistieron al CEI Nº 301 del distrito de Buenos Aires de la provincia de Morropón, departamento de Piura durante el mes de noviembre del 2001. Alos preescolares se les realizó un examen dental donde se registró el desgaste dentario por pieza y tres exámenes parasicológicos (examen directo) de heces. También se le preguntó a la madre si el niño bruxaba en la noche. La prevalencia de bruxismo fue de 69.84 por ciento y de parasitosis intestinal de 52.369 por ciento, no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre dichas variables y covariables edad y género. En el análisis divariado no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre parasitosis intestinal y bruxismo con un OR de 3.44 (0,97 a 12,69), ni por tipo de parásito.

The present study had the purpose of evaluate the relation that could exist between the bruxism and the intestinal parasitosis. The training group was included by 63 prescholers of both genders, whose ages go of 4 to 6 years that attended to the CEI Nº 301 of the district of Buenos Aires of the province of Morropon, department of Piura, during the month of November of the 2001. The demtal examination was made to evaluate dental wearing and three parasitologics examinations (direct examination) of less. Also the mother was questioned if this child grinds his teeth at night. The prevalence of bruxism was 69.84 per cent and of intestinal parasitosis 52.39 per cent, there was not statistically significant in association between these variables and the covariables age and gender. In the bivariable analysis, also there was not association between intestinal parasitosis and bruxism with an OR of 3.44 (0,97 to 12.69), nor by parasitic type.